Longitudinal Mixing in Flows with Submerged Rigid Aquatic Canopies

The presence of dense submerged vegetation alters mixing characteristics in open channel flows as they cause differential velocities inside and above canopies. prediction models for longitudinal the canopies often use drag coefficient to represent canopy, which limits usability when canopy properties are not fully understood. Here, attempts were made present a methodology can be used deriving dispersion based on velocity measurements, using length approach model turbulence. An experimental study was conducted large-scale laboratory facility investigate flow with aquatic Detailed solute tracer measurements undertaken representative range velocities. turbulent shear stress, length, diffusivity established theoretical empirical relationships derive dispersion. measured two locations water column submergences discussed amount vertical advection. smaller stem (i.e., higher submergence ratio) has diffusivity, resulting increased column. lower consists minimal causing significantly high, even though is much lower. mathematical adapted calculating results show good agreement, indicating that N-zone accurately predict presented methodology.